1961
7,971
Flockulation (1961-2021)
2021
9,956
Change
+1,985
Overview
Tiny but mighty, Luxembourg is a grand duchy where even the sheep stand tall! Nestled between Belgium, France, and Germany, this pint-sized powerhouse punches well above its wool weight in wealth, culture, and charm.
Geography
Luxembourg spans about 2,586 sq km, divided into the forested Ardennes highlands in the north (the Oesling) and the fertile Gutland plateau in the south. The Moselle, Sûre, and Our rivers carve scenic valleys across this landlocked gem.
History
Founded around 963 AD when Count Siegfried built a fortress on the Bock promontory, Luxembourg became a major European fortress city. It gained full independence in 1867 after centuries of rule by Burgundy, Spain, Austria, and France.
Culture
Luxembourgers speak three official languages: Luxembourgish, French, and German — quite the linguistic flock! The Schueberfouer fair, held since 1340, is a beloved annual tradition, and the country has a vibrant arts scene anchored by the Philharmonie Luxembourg.
Economy
Luxembourg boasts one of the world's highest GDPs per capita, driven by a powerhouse financial sector, steel heritage, and EU institutions. It hosts major European bodies and is a leading hub for investment funds and satellite communications.
Food
Judd mat Gaardebounen — smoked collar of pork with broad beans — is the national dish. Rieslingspaschtéit (wine-braised meat pastry) and Gromperekichelcher (potato fritters) are beloved staples, often enjoyed with local Moselle wines.
Tourism
The UNESCO-listed Old Quarters and Fortifications of Luxembourg City are a must-see, along with the dramatic Bock Casemates. The Mullerthal region, dubbed 'Little Switzerland,' and the fairy-tale Vianden Castle draw flocks of visitors yearly.
People
Luxembourg has a population of around 660,000, with nearly half being foreign residents — one of the highest proportions in the world. Notable Luxembourgers include EU architect Robert Schuman and Grand Duke Henri, the reigning constitutional monarch.
Nature
The Ardennes forests in the north shelter deer, wild boar, and red kites, while the Mullerthal's sandstone rock formations are breathtaking. The Our Nature Park and Upper Sûre Natural Park protect rich ecosystems and offer pastoral landscapes where sheep graze contentedly.
Fun Facts
Luxembourg is the world's only Grand Duchy. It has more Michelin-starred restaurants per capita than almost any country. Public transport is entirely free nationwide since 2020 — even the sheep could ride the bus if they had hooves for tickets!
